Morning Study

The knowledge of hydrology is a prerequisite for irrigation engineering and the design of the hydraulic structure. So one of the objectives of this course is to impart the knowledge of hydrology that deals with the occurrence, distribution, movement, and properties of water on the earth.

Outline Description of Module

This module introduces students to cover:

A hydraulic structure is a structure submerged or partially submerged in any body of water, which disrupts the natural flow of water. They can be used to divert, disrupt or completely stop the flow. An example of a hydraulic structure would be a dam, which slows the normal flow rate of the river in order to power turbines. A hydraulic structure can be built in rivers, a sea, or any body of water where there is a need for a change in the natural flow of water.

Sanitary Engineering is the branch of civil engineering associated with the supply of water, disposal of sewage, other public health services and the management of water and sewage in civil engineering

تعريف الطالب بالمفاهيم الاساسية لهندسة القيمة والمعدات الانشائية وحساب الكميات والتسعير للأعمال الانشائية وكذلك التعريف بالمواصفات الانشائية واعدادها والدليل القياسي الموحد والعقود

Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (geotechnical engineering) in the design of foundation elements of structures. In engineering, a foundation is the element of a structure which connects it to the ground, transferring loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep.

The design and the construction of a well-performing foundation must possess some basic requirements:

• The design and the construction of the foundation is done such that it can sustain as well as transmit the dead and the imposed loads to the soil. This transfer has to be carried out without resulting in any form of settlement that can result in any form of stability issues for the structure.
• Differential settlements can be avoided by having a rigid base for the foundation. These issues are more pronounced in areas where the superimposed loads are not uniform in nature.
• Based on the soil and area it is recommended to have a deeper foundation so that it can guard any form of damage or distress. These are mainly caused due to the problem of shrinkage and swelling because of temperature changes.
• The location of the foundation chosen must be an area that is not affected or influenced by future works or factors.

In this semester, we will discuss the methods of designing slabs, where the student will be able to design and analyze different types of slabs in more than one way, in addition to knowing and designing slabs to resist punching shear. We will also deal with the subject of prestress beams and how to design and analyze this type of important and frequently used structural member in bridges. Finally, we will address the subject of structures where the student will be able to design as well as learn how the loads and moments are transferred between the different structural members.

Bridges, buildings, industrial warehouses, high-rise towers, and other numerous structures utilise steel in their design and construction to ensure maximum strength and withstanding the external structural forces. Steel is the only viable option in constructing these structures apart from reinforced concrete for various reasons, including high stiffness levels, high strength, toughness, resistance to force, and ductility. It is also relatively less heavy and has a high speed of construction with a very competitive low cost as compared to other materials. In other regions of the world, it is the favourite construction material superseding reinforced concrete because of its easy use when erecting temporary structures.